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Thursday, 28 March 2024
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Abdomen CT
A computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen images the region from the thoracic diaphragm to the pelvic groin. The computed tomography technique uses x-rays to differentiate tissues by their different radiation absorption rates.
Oral contrast material can be given to opacify the bowel before scanning. An i.v. injection of a contrast agent (x-ray dye) improves the visualization of organs like liver, spleen, pancreas and kidneys and provides additional information about the blood supply.
Spiral- or helical CT, including improvements in detector technology support faster image acquisition with higher quality. Advanced CT systems can usually obtain a CT scan of the whole abdomen during a single breath hold. This speed increases the detection of small lesions (caused by differences in breathing on consecutive scans) and is beneficial especially in pediatric, elderly or critically-ill patients.
Changes in patient weight require variations in x-ray tube potential to maintain constant detector energy fluence. An increased x-ray tube potential improves the contrast to noise resolution (CNR).

An abdominal CT is typically used to help diagnose the cause of abdominal pain and diseases such as:
appendicitis, diverticulitis;
kidney and gallbladder calcifications;
abscesses and inflammations;
cancer, metastases and other tumors;
pancreatitis;
vascular disorders.

Other indications for CT scanning of the abdomen/pelvis include planning radiation treatments, guide biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures. Advanced techniques include for example 3D CT angiography, multiphasic contrast-enhanced imaging, virtual cystoscopy, virtual colonoscopy, CT urography and CT densitometry.

See also Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography.
• View DATABASE results for 'Abdomen CT' (4).Open this link in a new window.
Abscess Scintigraphy
An abscess scintigraphy is a nuclear medical procedure to search abscesses or inflammatory changes with 111Indium-oxine, 67Gallium-citrate, or 99mTechnetium-marked monoclonal granulocyte antibodies.

See also Inflammation Scintigraphy and Gallium Scan.
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View NEWS results for 'Abscess Scintigraphy' (2).Open this link in a new window.
• View DATABASE results for 'Abscess Scintigraphy' (4).Open this link in a new window.
Absorber
Absorbers consist of material that stops ionizing radiation. For example, lead, steel and concrete attenuate x-rays. Alpha particles and most beta particles can be stopped or absorbed by a sheet of paper or thin metal.
The absorption depends on the atomic number, density, thickness, etc. of the used material.
The interactions between the radiation and the absorber are three major processes: photoelectric absorption, Compton scattering, and pair production.

See also Absorption.
• View DATABASE results for 'Absorber' (6).Open this link in a new window.
Absorption
The x-ray absorption is the uptake of energy or the decrease of the number of photons by the tissue or matter through which the radiation travels.
Absorption in nuclear reactions and particulate radiation is a process of taking up kinetic energy of particles or the combination of particles with an atom, a nucleus, or another particle.
Absorption characteristics of imaged tissues are represented by their linear attenuation coefficients.

See also Absorber.
• View DATABASE results for 'Absorption' (25).Open this link in a new window.
Acceptance Checking
An acceptance checking is the condition inspection that takes place after a new installation or repair from nuclear-medical devices. Those results must be compared and agree with the provided data of the manufacturer.
• View DATABASE results for 'Acceptance Checking' (4).Open this link in a new window.
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 [last update: 2023-11-06 02:01:00]